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arXiv · 2603.18147

Branching Universes

Anamaria Hell·Tatsuya Daniel
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Abstract

We propose the idea that our Universe is a realization among different possible branches, which can be observationally tested through the modified dispersion relation of the gravitational waves. We achieve this through a framework of spatially constrained vector fields. We show that the simplest realizations of such theories in flat and cosmological spacetimes do not introduce new propagating modes, but they give rise to tensor perturbations that differ from those of standard general relativity. As a result, they avoid the strong coupling issues or ghost modes that otherwise easily appear in vector-field models. We further show that such theories admit stealth black hole solutions, and we recover weak gravitational potentials, thus passing the solar system experiments. Finally, we discuss the implications of such theories and propose further generalizations.

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Anamaria Hell, Tatsuya Daniel. 2026-09-11. Branching Universes. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.18147

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