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arXiv · 2603.18241

Splitting-strategies for arbitrary-order fully mixed finite element discretizations of the Biot equations

Fleurianne Bertrand·Jakub Wiktor Both·Tugay Dağlı
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Abstract

We study the fully-mixed formulation of the Biot equations which is characterized by a symmetric coupling between flow and deformation while each subphysics has internally a saddle point structure. This enables the use of stable mixed finite elements for each subproblem without a strong compatibility condition across the two subphysics. To exploit this flexibility while preserving the conservation structure of both subproblems, we consider fully mixed finite element methods in which the symmetry of the elastic stress tensor is enforced weakly, often referred to as a five-field formulation. The resulting mixed formulation exhibits an overarching saddle-point structure whose stability is determined by suitable inf-sup conditions. Inf-sup stability is established for several families of discrete spaces of arbitrary order, leading to optimal a priori error estimates. Iterative splitting strategies following the classical fixed-stress split with additional tuning are specifically investigated for the fully mixed formulation with proof of convergence and rates depending on the coupling strength. Contrary to previous analyses on coupled problems with a symmetric structure, we theoretically prove the efficacy of negative stabilization, consistent with Schur-complement ideas. Numerical results based on analytical solutions and the classical 2D Mandel problem and a 3D footing problem are presented supporting the theory.

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Fleurianne Bertrand, Jakub Wiktor Both, Tugay Dağlı. 2026-08-05. Splitting-strategies for arbitrary-order fully mixed finite element discretizations of the Biot equations. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.18241

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