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arXiv · 2603.27216

Chiral Phase Transition in Rotating Quark Matter with Chiral Imbalance: A Medium Separation Scheme Regularized NJL Model Study

Huang-Jing Zheng·Peng Nan·Sheng-Qin Feng
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Abstract

We investigate the chiral phase transition in rotating quark matter with chiral imbalance using the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model regularized by the Medium Separation Scheme (MSS). Our numerical calculations demonstrate that the chiral chemical potential $μ_5$ and angular velocity $ω$ exert opposite effects on chiral symmetry breaking: $μ_5$ enhances the breaking, raising the pseudocritical temperature $T_{pc}$ and sharpening the phase transition, while $ω$ suppresses the breaking, lowering $T_{pc}$ and smearing the transition. Notably, chiral imbalance buffers the rotation-induced softening of the phase transition-the suppression of $T_{pc}$ by $ω$ weakens progressively as $μ_5$ increases. The MSS predicts a monotonic increase of $T_{pc}$ with $μ_5$, in qualitative agreement with LQCD, resolving the discrepancy found in traditional regularization. Furthermore, the rotational suppression of $T_{pc}$ exhibits strong radius dependence: larger rotation radii amplify the suppression due to enhanced spacetime curvature and centrifugal effects, and can even induce an abrupt drop in $T_{pc}$ in the high-rotation region. These findings clarify the interplay between rotation and chiral imbalance in modulating the QCD chiral phase transition and validate the MSS as a reliable regularization framework for such extreme systems.

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Huang-Jing Zheng, Peng Nan, Sheng-Qin Feng. 2026-03-28. Chiral Phase Transition in Rotating Quark Matter with Chiral Imbalance: A Medium Separation Scheme Regularized NJL Model Study. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.27216

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