Nature-Inspired Hyperuniform Nanohole Patterning for Robust Broadband Absorption Enhancement in Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Nature-inspired hyperuniform disorder offers a promising route to broadband light trapping in ultrathin perovskite solar cells by avoiding narrowband, illumination-sensitive responses commonly associated with periodic nanophotonic textures. Here, we introduce a nature-inspired ingenious hyperuniform nanohole architecture integrated into the front glass of a planar MAPbI$_3$ perovskite solar cell, serving as a junction-preserving strategy to enhance optical absorption and photovoltaic performance. In comparison with planar and periodic textures, the hyperuniform architecture redistributed incident light across a broader spectrum of in-plane momentum states, strengthened near-interface electromagnetic fields, and improved long-wavelength coupling into the absorber, thereby increasing the effective optical path length without altering the electronically active interfaces. To quantify these effects, we employed a coupled three-dimensional multiphysics framework that integrates finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) optical simulations with drift-diffusion electrical modeling. The optimized design exhibited broadband absorption enhancement, weak polarization dependence, and strong angular tolerance, while suppressing interference-driven spectral oscillations and reducing sensitivity to patterned-layer thickness. Relative to the planar structure, the hyperuniform architecture increased the short-circuit current density from 21.57 to 23.92 mAcm$^{-2}$ and improved the power conversion efficiency from 21.03% to 23.62%, while maintaining $\mathrm{V_{oc}}$ at 1.13 V and preserving a high fill factor of 87.66%. In addition to statistical pattern-invariant performance, stochastic radius-variation analysis indicated a positive enhancement in photocurrent and under fabrication-relevant dimensional disorder.