Magnetoresistance from decoherence

Abstract

Microscopic theories of magnetoresistance have traditionally focused on momentum relaxation and the plasma frequency of itinerant electrons. Here, we uncover a distinct mechanism in which magnetoresistance originates from quantum decoherence throughout the whole Fermi sea, specifically the decay of the off-diagonal components of the density matrix. The resulting conductivity, parameterized by two complex decoherence times, scales linearly with impurity density-markedly contrasting the conventional Drude picture, where conductivity is governed by momentum relaxation of Ferm-surface quasiparticles and is inversely proportional to impurity density. This unconventional scaling provides a direct electrical probe of quantum decoherence, a quantity central to both fundamental studies and emerging nanoscale technologies. Furthermore, the interplay between the external magnetic field and the exchange field gives rise to rich magnetotransport phenomena, including temperature-drive crossover from positive to negative magnetoresistance and a nonmonotonic temperature dependence with a conductivity maximum reminiscent of the Kondo effect. Our results establish quantum decoherence as a key ingredient in magnetoresistance and our findings should have an unprecedented impact on advancing research and applications involving magnetoresistance.