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arXiv · 2604.22198

Enabling Flexible AFDM-ISAC Design: When Ambiguity Shaping Meets PAPR Control

Lingsheng Meng·Yong Liang Guan·Zilong Liu·Yirui Luo·Pingzhi Fan
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Abstract

Affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) has emerged as an enabling waveform for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) due to its intrinsic chirp signaling nature. Nevertheless, the practicality of AFDM-ISAC systems needs to address two major technical challenges, i.e., high ambiguity function (AF) sidelobes and high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). By exploiting the reserved chirp-subcarrier (RCS) symbols and per-subcarrier pre-chirp parameters, we develop a flexible and unified AFDM waveform design framework for AF shaping and PAPR control. The proposed framework supports three tunable modes: AF shaping via weighted integrated sidelobe level (ISL) minimization, PAPR minimization, and joint AF shaping and PAPR control under a prescribed PAPR constraint. To solve the formulated nonconvex problem and to accommodate the discrete-phase constraints on the pre-chirp parameters, a joint ISL-PAPR discrete-phase majorization-minimization (JIPD-MM) algorithm is developed. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework under all the three design modes, with the benchmark comparisons conducted at similar effective spectral efficiencies. It is shown that the resulting weighted-ISL and PAPR gains lead to improved weak-target detectability in multi-target scenarios and lower bit error rate (BER) under power-amplifier (PA) nonlinearity.

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Lingsheng Meng, Yong Liang Guan, Zilong Liu, Yirui Luo, Pingzhi Fan. 2026-08-27. Enabling Flexible AFDM-ISAC Design: When Ambiguity Shaping Meets PAPR Control. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.22198

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