Rapid decay and localizability for Fell bundles over etale Groupoids

Abstract

We introduce a notion of the Rapid Decay Property (RDP) for Fell bundles over locally compact Hausdorff étale groupoids, extending earlier rapid decay theories for étale groupoids and twists. Our approach yields analytic control on convolution norms and leads to the existence of dense Schwartz-type $*$-subalgebras of the reduced cross-sectional $C^*$-algebra $C_r^*(E)$. As an application, we obtain approximation results showing that, under suitable hypotheses, sections of $C_r^*(E)$ with support contained in an open subset $U\subseteq G$ can be approximated in the reduced norm by compactly supported sections supported inside $U$. In this sense, the Rapid Decay Property provides an analytic mechanism leading to a form of localizability for Fell bundles. We also investigate the relationship between RDP, polynomial growth, and dynamical systems. We show that Fell bundles over groupoids with polynomial growth naturally satisfy the RDP. Furthermore, for a transformation groupoid $G=Γ\ltimes_θX$ associated with a partial action, we prove that RDP for a Fell bundle over $G$ is equivalent to RDP for a naturally associated Fell bundle over the discrete group $Γ$. Finally, we apply these tools to Deaconu-Renault groupoids. By realizing them as partial crossed products of free groups, we show that the presence of persistent branching forces exponential growth, completely obstructing the RDP. This provides a striking illustration of a system where the acting group has RDP, but the associated groupoid fails to inherit it, fully clarifying the boundary between the group and groupoid theories.