Boson Sampling with a reconfigurable 128 modes 3D integrated photonic circuit

Abstract

Integrated quantum photonics has emerged as one of the leading platforms for scaling quantum information processing, offering compact, stable, and low-loss hardware with precise phase and mode control. Advances in integrated photonics architectures and active programmability now enable complex, high-dimensional transformations essential for quantum advantage tasks. We introduce an integrated, reconfigurable 3D photonic device with 128 modes for manipulation of single-photon quantum states (Qolossus 3D). Leveraging a continuously coupled architecture and thermo-optic programmability, the platform implements reconfigurable unitary transformations at unprecedented scale for integrated quantum optics. Exploiting indistinguishable single photons demultiplexed from a quantum dot source, we perform Boson Sampling across the large-dimensional chip and analyse the resulting output distributions for up to 4 photons. We then exploit it to demonstrate randomness generation via Boson Sampling. Agreement with theoretical predictions validates both the device's reconfigurable operation and the generation of random numbers. Our results highlight the scalability, stability, and precise control of integrated photonics for quantum information processing.