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arXiv · 2605.21909

Phase-tunable remote nonreciprocal charging in waveguide QED

Meixi Guo·Jian Huang·Rui-Yang Gong·Xian-Li Yin·Guofeng Zhang
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Abstract

Remote quantum batteries require directional and controllable energy transfer between spatially separated quantum nodes, yet most existing protocols rely on direct charger-battery Hamiltonian couplings. Here we propose a phase-tunable waveguide-QED architecture for remote quantum-battery charging, in which a driven charger and a remote battery are coupled solely via engineered waveguide-mediated interference, without any direct local interaction. We systematically compare four configurations: two-giant-emitter and giant-small-emitter hybrids, each with open or mirror-terminated waveguides. By engineering the propagation and coupling phases, the waveguide-mediated coherent exchange interaction and collective dissipation can be balanced to suppress the backward channel while retaining a finite forward channel, thereby realizing cascaded-like unidirectional charging. Our analysis shows that nonreciprocity and storage efficiency can be independently engineered, offering design flexibility for different quantum network scenarios. The giant-small-emitter mirror-terminated configuration simultaneously achieves perfect nonreciprocity and battery-dominated storage, while both giant-small-emitter configurations exhibit distance-insensitive directionality. Extending the scheme to quadratic driving, we show that anomalous second moments render the battery state non-passive, making ergotropy a performance metric distinct from stored energy. These results establish phase-tunable waveguide networks as a versatile platform for remote quantum-energy transfer and provide design principles for directional and work-extractable energy storage in quantum networks.

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Meixi Guo, Jian Huang, Rui-Yang Gong, Xian-Li Yin, Guofeng Zhang. 2026-05-21. Phase-tunable remote nonreciprocal charging in waveguide QED. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21909

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