Building Generalization Into Behavior Generation Via Adaptive Compositions of Regularities

Aravind Battaje; Malte Bernhard; Vito Mengers; Oliver Brock

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arXiv · 2605.31110

Building Generalization Into Behavior Generation Via Adaptive Compositions of Regularities

Aravind Battaje·Malte Bernhard·Vito Mengers·Oliver Brock

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Abstract

Generalization in robotics requires prior knowledge about how the world is structured, yet this structure changes from one situation to the next. This paper investigates the proposition that generalization arises from adaptively composing regularities -- predictable relationships within the robot-environment system -- into situation-appropriate structures for behavior generation. We examine this proposition by analyzing the mechanism in AICON (Active InterCONnect), a framework representing regularities as interacting processes in a differentiable network, where sensory feedback realizes composition and gradient descent generates behavior. To isolate adaptive composition as the key mechanism, we study a simple simulated problem in which all relevant regularities can be identified. We expose the resulting model to a wide range of novel conditions not considered during design, and we find that it generates context-appropriate behavior in all but one case, where encoded regularities are provably insufficient. Ablations reveal that the network automatically modulates which regularities influence behavior based on their informativeness. These results suggest that adaptive composition of regularities constitutes a powerful inductive bias for building generalization into behavior generation.

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Aravind Battaje, Malte Bernhard, Vito Mengers, Oliver Brock. 2026-06-21. Building Generalization Into Behavior Generation Via Adaptive Compositions of Regularities. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31110

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