Toward Deeper Environmental Understanding: Event-Level Sensing for Intelligent 6G ISAC

Haotian Liu; Zhiqing Wei; Xingwang Li; Ruizhong Xu; Zhiyong Feng

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arXiv · 2606.14223

Toward Deeper Environmental Understanding: Event-Level Sensing for Intelligent 6G ISAC

Haotian Liu·Zhiqing Wei·Xingwang Li·Ruizhong Xu·Zhiyong Feng

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Abstract

The intelligent evolution of mission-critical networks, such as the Internet of vehicles (IoV) and the low-altitude economy (LAE), requires sixth-generation (6G) networks to move beyond discrete physical parameter estimation toward deeper environmental understanding. However, existing integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) studies mainly focus on target-level sensing, which provides fragmented snapshots of the physical world and lacks the behavioral semantic capability to interpret intent. This limitation hinders the intelligent evolution of such networks and prevents 6G from acquiring the essential sensing foundation to evolve into an "intelligent service engine". To bridge this gap, ISAC must advance toward event-level sensing, which models continuous-time states to enable persistent recognition and prediction of target intent and behavioral semantics. This article presents a comprehensive overview of event-level sensing in 6G ISAC networks. We first introduce its fundamental concepts, sensing types, and representative scenarios. We then review key enabling techniques across waveform design, target state estimation and tracking, and event recognition. Furthermore, focusing on IoV and LAE scenarios, we discuss representative applications of ISAC event-level sensing and the intelligent enhancement of downstream operational functions enabled by event-level information. Finally, we highlight future research trends and potential directions to further advance ISAC event-level sensing toward intelligent and proactive 6G networks.

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Haotian Liu, Zhiqing Wei, Xingwang Li, Ruizhong Xu, Zhiyong Feng. 2026-06-25. Toward Deeper Environmental Understanding: Event-Level Sensing for Intelligent 6G ISAC. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.14223

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