Semiclassical Analysis of Tunneling in Graphene under Nonuniform Electrostatic and Magnetic Fields

Abstract

We develop a semiclassical theory of tunnelling of Dirac fermions through an n-p-n junction in monolayer graphene subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field. Electrostatic and magnetic fields are assumed to be smooth functions of a single spatial coordinate, supported on a finite interval, vanishing outside it, and thus ensuring asymptotically free states. In contrast to earlier studies restricted to constant magnetic fields and exactly solvable electrostatic potential profiles, we consider a general electrostatic potential forming an n-p-n junction and an arbitrary magnetic field, and formulate the corresponding scattering problem. Within the semiclassical approximation, and under an additional assumption on the incidence angle, the problem reduces to a connection problem for a pair of degeneracy points, treated using results from our earlier work. We obtain explicit expressions for the reflection and transmission coefficients, including their phases, as functions of energy and incidence angle. Furthermore, we derive semiclassical conditions for Fabry-Pérot resonances and "magic" angles, and analyse the resulting interference pattern. Numerical results demonstrate the angular dependence of transmission induced by the magnetic field.