Floquet Majorana flat bands and emergent Cooper pair symmetries in $p-$wave magnet$-$superconductor heterostructure

Abstract

We investigate the emergence of topological superconductivity at the two-dimensional heterostructure interface between a $p$-wave magnet (pWM) and an $s$-wave superconductor. By analyzing nodal gap closings, we identify seven distinct nodal topological phases, each characterized by the presence of Majorana zero-energy flat bands and quantized zero-bias conductance peaks. We demonstrate that the effective $p$-wave nature of the system gives rise to spin-triplet pairing correlations with even-frequency, odd-parity and odd-frequency, even-parity symmetries. Notably, the introduction of inter-orbital hopping induces an exotic orbital-singlet term characterized by simultaneous odd-parity and odd-frequency. Furthermore, we explore the transition from static phases to Floquet topological regimes through periodic driving. These driven phases host both zero and $π$ Majorana flat bands, with transport signatures governed by the Floquet sum rule. Most significantly, we show that periodic driving fundamentally reshapes the topological and superconducting landscape by generating multiple nodal points that support higher winding numbers and multiple Majorana flat bands, while the emergent Floquet degree of freedom doubles the number of symmetry-allowed Cooper-pair correlations. The first class of correlations is hosted by the even-Floquet sectors and has a direct counterpart in the static limit. In contrast, the second is a distinct Floquet-generated class that confines to the odd-Floquet sectors, representing a fundamentally nonequilibrium pairing channel that cannot exist in static systems. Finally, we demonstrate the robustness of these topological modes against strong disorder, confirming their potential for stable fault-tolerant applications.