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arXiv · 2607.01783

Subensemble Acceptance Method 3.0: General Corrections to Cumulants from Exact Conservation Constraints

Roman Poberezhniuk·Volodymyr A. Kuznietsov·Grégoire Pihan·Volodymyr Vovchenko
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Abstract

We present the subensemble acceptance method 3.0 (SAM-3.0), which corrects cumulants of an observable measured in a subsystem of a large system for the effect of exact global conservation of multiple charges. The required input is the set of joint grand-canonical cumulants of the acceptance observable with the total event charges, from which the canonical cumulants follow algebraically via a closed recursion based on (multivariate) partial exponential Bell polynomials. The framework accommodates any number of observables, including non-conserved quantities such as net protons, and any number of simultaneously conserved charges, including the total energy, which yields the microcanonical ensemble. The mapping contains SAM-1.0 and SAM-2.0 as special cases and, unlike SAM-2.0, reproduces the exact binomial-acceptance limit. We also derive the leading finite-size corrections from the saddle-point expansion. We apply the method to update the hydrodynamics-based non-critical baseline (Hydro-EV) for net-proton cumulants at RHIC-BES energies, finding a refined baseline that agrees with direct canonical Monte Carlo sampling and stays close to the earlier SAM-2.0 result. We further validate the formalism against direct Monte Carlo sampling with exact simultaneous conservation of baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness, including hadronic-afterburner effects.

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Roman Poberezhniuk, Volodymyr A. Kuznietsov, Grégoire Pihan, Volodymyr Vovchenko. 2026-09-11. Subensemble Acceptance Method 3.0: General Corrections to Cumulants from Exact Conservation Constraints. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.01783

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