Dissipative preparation and stabilization of d-mode multinomial cat states

Abstract

Engineering dissipation with tailored steady states has become a powerful approach for preparing and stabilizing quantum states. In this framework, engineered dissipative processes continuously steer a system towards desired target states while suppressing unwanted noise. However, extending this idea to multimode systems is challenging and remains largely unexplored, although this class of states is a powerful resource for quantum sensing and quantum information processing applications. Here, we propose a general method to design the required dissipative processes for the generation of multimode cat states in bosonic systems. We show that the engineered dissipation prepares such states from the vacuum with high fidelity and robustly stabilizes them against decoherence. As a result, their lifetime is extended by several orders of magnitude compared to natural decay times, which in turn enhances their applications in quantum techonologies. We specifically focus on the preparation and stabilization of two-mode binomial cat states and discuss a pathway for the implementation in superconducting circuit. However, our scheme can also scale up to arbitrary d-mode multinomial cat states associated to $\mathfrak{su}(d\ge2)$ algebras, and thus, our scalable framework provides a feasible route towards stabilizing compact nonclassical states.