Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2607.08190

Instability of gray solitons in a Gross-Pitaevskii model with a moving impurity

Paolo Antonelli·Martino Caliaro
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The effect of a moving impurity in a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated by means of the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii model (GP) with non-zero boundary conditions at infinity. The impurity is modeled as a localized external potential, that travels at constant speed $v \in \mathbf{R}$. In a co-moving reference frame, we study the existence and stability of time-independent solutions. The latter are of physical relevance, being associated with the superfluid behavior of the condensate. For every non-zero velocity $v$ in the subsonic regime, we show the existence of a family of time-independent solutions which bifurcates from a (displaced) gray soliton $ϕ_{0,v}(x-s_0)$, with $s_0 \in \mathbf{R}$, of the GP equation. The position $s_0$ is determined as an extremal point of an effective potential explicitly defined. Moreover, we study the spectral stability of these states. For small values of the potential strength, we show that the families originating from the maxima of the effective potential are spectrally unstable. For this last result, we employ an Evans function approach. Finally, we formally apply the instability result to the case of a repulsive delta potential.

Explore related subjects

math.APmath-phmath.MP

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Paolo Antonelli, Martino Caliaro. 2026-07-09. Instability of gray solitons in a Gross-Pitaevskii model with a moving impurity. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.08190

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Blow-Up Dynamics for the $L^2$ critical case of the $2$D Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation

We study blow-up dynamics for the $L^2$-critical cubic Zakharov--Kuznetsov equation in two dimensions, \[ \partial_tu+\partial_{x_1}(Δu+u^3)=0 \qquad\text{on }\mathbb R^2. \] For a class of localized $H^1$ perturbations of the ground state $Q$, we establish a trichotomy near the soliton manifold: exit from a small $L^2$-tube, global asymptotic stability, or finite-time blow-up. In the stable blow-up regime, the solution concentrates a single bubble and \[ λ(t)\sim \ell_0(T-t)^{1/(3-c)}, \] where $\ell_0>0$ depends on the initial datum and $c\in(1,2)$ is an explicit constant determined by the transverse tail of the first-order approximate profile. Consequently, \[ \|\nabla u(t)\|_{L^2} \sim \frac{\|\nabla Q\|_{L^2}} {\ell_0(T-t)^{1/(3-c)}}. \] After subtraction of the concentrating soliton, the radiation converges strongly in $L^p(\mathbb R^2)$ for every $2\leq p<\infty$ to a common nonzero profile $u^*$, while \[ u^*\notin H^s(\mathbb R^2) \qquad\text{for every }s\geq\frac c2. \] The stable blow-up branch is open in the relative $H^1$ topology of the localized class. Finally, every non-soliton datum in this class with non-positive energy blows up in finite time. Interval-arithmetic computer-assisted proofs certify the numerical inputs to the virial coercivity argument. They also yield a rigorous enclosure of $c$, justifying the polynomial moment of order $21$ imposed on the initial data.

math.AP↗
arXiv2026

Propagation of wave packets close to conical intersections

In this paper, we study the propagation of wave packets close to conical intersections with respect to a system of two Schr{ö}dinger equations presenting a codimension 2 crossing. We focus on the dynamics that occur when the wave packets pass through an area close to the crossing, and our main results provide an explicit formula for the outgoing wave packet in terms of the incoming one, with a complete description of its phase and of the classical trajectories it follows, including a drift.

math.AP↗
arXiv2026

A Volterra Calculus for Lie Groupoids

A pseudodifferential Volterra calculus for inverting parabolic differential equations on Lie groupoids is introduced. This enables the study of fundamental solutions of various cases of heat flows on singular manifolds with corners with non-resonant boundary indicial symbols, such as the $b$-manifolds, as well as other geometric bisection covariant heat flows. We also establish the short time asymptotic expansion for the heat kernel of a positive, elliptic differential operator on a Lie groupoid that acts on suitable Sobolev Hilbert modules and is positive definite with respect to the appropriate $L^2$ inner product.

math.AP↗