Joint level-weight murmurations: prime averaging and the cubic pointwise range

Abstract

Let (N) range over squarefree levels (N \asymp X), and let the even weight (k) vary in a smooth window (k \asymp K). We study natural root-number-weighted traces of Hecke eigenvalues at primes (p \asymp XK^2). First, uniformly for (X^{\varepsilon_0} \leq K \leq X^{3-\varepsilon_0}), we prove a fixed-prime asymptotic whose main term is expressed through Zubrilina's murmuration density. The exponent (3) is the endpoint of our absolute treatment of the nonzero Poisson frequencies. Second, after averaging the primes with logarithmic weight, we obtain unconditionally, throughout every fixed polynomial range (X^{\varepsilon_0} \leq K \leq X^{A_0}), an explicit atomic limiting measure. The fixed-prime argument groups the local Fourier expansion by exact additive conductor and uses Burgess truncation, whereas the prime-averaged argument applies a smooth Barban-Davenport-Halberstam estimate.