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arXiv · 2607.16162

Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity and parity-violation through Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves with next-generation ground-based interferometers

Ilaria Caporali·H. V. Ragavendra·Angelo Ricciardone·Nicola Bartolo
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Abstract

In this work, we investigate the prospects for probing primordial non-Gaussianity and associated symmetry of parity through scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs), with third-generation gravitational-wave detectors. We develop a framework that accounts for contributions to the energy density spectrum of GWs arising from the scalar non-Gaussianity quantified by bispectrum and trispectrum, and perform parameter inference using simulated data from Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer. The parity-odd component of the scalar trispectrum induces circular polarization in the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB), providing a direct probe of parity-violation in the primordial Universe. We show that future interferometers can place competitive constraints on the parity-odd scalar trispectrum, along with the bispectrum and parity-even trispectrum. Moreover, we include the astrophysical contribution, which could act as a foreground for the SIGWs. We show that, despite the addition of such a foreground, we are still able to effectively constrain the cosmological parameters related to SIGWs and the astrophysical parameters as well.

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Ilaria Caporali, H. V. Ragavendra, Angelo Ricciardone, Nicola Bartolo. 2026-07-17. Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity and parity-violation through Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves with next-generation ground-based interferometers. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.16162

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