Normal form method of center-focus problem in piecewise-smooth systems and algorithm design

Xingwu Chen; Jiahao Li; Tao Li

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arXiv · 2607.17167

Normal form method of center-focus problem in piecewise-smooth systems and algorithm design

Xingwu Chen·Jiahao Li·Tao Li

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Abstract

We investigate the normal form method in piecewise-smooth monodromic systems to distinguish center from focus and determine the order of focus as well as degenerate Hopf bifurcations. For the normal form of piecewise-smooth monodromic systems given in previous publications in the sense of topologically equivalence, we prove the algebraic equivalence between the Lyapunov constants of the original piecewise-smooth system and the coefficient series of its normal form. With this algebraic equivalence, we prefer to compute the normal form coefficient series to avoid cumbersome integrals of trigonometric functions in the computation of Lyapunov constants, and find the relations of foci of the piecewise-smooth system and its subsystems: among the orders and among the stabilities. Moreover, we design algorithms for computing the normal form coefficient series and combine them with the obtained stability relation to construct stabilizing switching signals for state-dependent switched nonlinear systems, one basic problem in the control theory.

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Xingwu Chen, Jiahao Li, Tao Li. 2026-07-19. Normal form method of center-focus problem in piecewise-smooth systems and algorithm design. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.17167

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