StellarTTS: Sparse Temporal Embedding for Low-Latency and Robust Speech Synthesis

Abstract

The trade-off between robustness, latency, and prosody critically challenges text-to-speech (TTS) systems. Autoregressive models, despite fidelity, are slow and error-prone; non-autoregressive (NAR) alternatives, while fast, often sacrifice prosodic naturalness via rigid alignments. This paper introduces StellarTTS, a novel mobile-optimized NAR TTS framework based on a sparse temporal embedding strategy, enabling granular control of phoneme duration, pronunciation, and prosody. Furthermore, we propose a semantic-aware codec that facilitates efficient single-stage decoding. Conditioned on the sparse temporal embedding, our 83M-parameter lightweight masked generative transformer achieves a real-time factor (RTF) of 0.08. Experiments demonstrate that StellarTTS attains lower latency and stronger robustness compared to state-of-the-art TTS systems, while maintaining competitive performance in audio quality, prosodic naturalness, and speaker similarity.