Exact ensemble controllability for neural differential equations via neural interpolation

Martin Gugat

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arXiv · 2607.21112

Exact ensemble controllability for neural differential equations via neural interpolation

Martin Gugat

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Abstract

We study a system that is governed by neural dynamics. Neural dynamics are a model for deep neural networks with a large number of layers. For a differential equation where the right-hand side is given by a neural network, we analyze the exact ensemble controllability of the system. This property plays an essential role in Machine Learning. It concerns the ability to learn to perform different tasks simultaneously with a single neural dynamics: Exact ensemble controllability requires that $N$ different initial states are steered to corresponding $N$ target states with a single set of control parameters. We present a constructive solution to the problem. The construction is based on the solution of a neural interpolation problem. We show that if the right-hand side of the differential equation is given by a neural network of depth two, the interpolation problem can be reduced to the solution of a system of linear equations.

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Martin Gugat. 2026-07-23. Exact ensemble controllability for neural differential equations via neural interpolation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.21112

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