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arXiv · 2607.22424

Strict positivity property of inhomogeneous subdiffusion equations and its application to coupled subdiffusion systems

Yimeng Tian·Yikan Liu
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Abstract

The positivity of solutions to subdiffusion equations has been widely studied, mainly in the context of homogeneous problems for single equations. In this article, we fill the missing strict positivity for inhomogeneous subdiffusion equations with nonnegative and nontrivial source terms by connecting Green's functions for fractional and classical diffusion equations via special functions. As a direct application, we further investigate the strict positivity property of coupled subdiffusion systems with nonnegative and partially nontrivial initial values or sources. Under suitable cooperativeness and connectivity conditions, the strict positivity turns out to propagate not only in time but also across different components of the system, reflecting the intrinsic interactions induced by the coupling structure. These results provide a unified framework for understanding positivity properties of both scalar and coupled subdiffusion equations, offering new insights beyond the classical maximum principle approach.

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Yimeng Tian, Yikan Liu. 2026-07-24. Strict positivity property of inhomogeneous subdiffusion equations and its application to coupled subdiffusion systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.22424

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