Effective field theories of nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamics in one dimension

Abstract

Describing emergent macroscopic phenomena in low spatial dimensions is known to be notoriously challenging, primarily due to strong interactions that render perturbative approaches inapplicable. On the other hand, low-dimensional systems host a wealth of unorthodox phenomena. A prominent example is the emergence of superdiffusive transport in one-dimensional interacting systems, traditionally studied in the framework of nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamics. After identifying and discussing internal inconsistencies in the previous formulations, in this work we develop a general and systematic approach for constructing effective field theories of one-dimensional hydrodynamic systems in the form of coupled stochastic Langevin-type equations compatible with the physical requirements of local equilibrium states such as the thermodynamic Maxwell relation and fluctuation-dissipation symmetry. We implemented a general numerical integration scheme and exemplified our construction on a simple model of two interacting hydrodynamic modes with a non-Gaussian stationary equilibrium measure.