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arXiv · 2607.22762

TLRNet: Estimating Individual Treatment Effect based on Local Information and Single Learner Structure

Ali Haghpanah Jahromi·Mohammad Taheri·Zohreh Azimifar
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Abstract

Causal inference has become a central issue across various fields, including computer science, statistics, economics, education, healthcare, and medicine. The broad applicability of this discipline has garnered increased research funding and attention. In recent years, the estimation of causal effects from observational data has gained traction due to the vast amounts of collected data and the lower costs compared to randomized controlled trials. Advances in causal effect estimation methods have enhanced service personalization tools. For instance, these tools can help identify the most effective type of treatment (considering both cost and success rate) for each patient among different medical service options. This paper proposes an innovative method for estimating the heterogeneity of treatment effects. The structure of the proposed model is based on a deep neural network and a pseudo-single learner. The proposed method has been compared with other state-of-the-art methods on the IHDP benchmark. Acceptable results have been obtained by using one estimator to estimate the potential outcomes of two treatment groups. Accordingly, this paves the way for further development and improvement of the proposed method.

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Ali Haghpanah Jahromi, Mohammad Taheri, Zohreh Azimifar. 2026-07-23. TLRNet: Estimating Individual Treatment Effect based on Local Information and Single Learner Structure. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.22762

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