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arXiv · 2607.24468

Optimization of the total tumor population under Gompertz growth

Iulia Martina Bulai·Francesca Gladiali·Benedetta Pellacci
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Abstract

We study optimal control problems for a stationary reaction--diffusion model describing the spatial distribution of a tumor cell population with Gompertz growth. The control $m(x)$ represents a treatment term acting as a density-dependent removal rate and it is subject to $L^{1}-L^{\infty}$ constraints. When the intrinsic growth rate is constant, the uniform distribution of the treatment is shown to be the unique minimizer. For the maximization problem, we prove that every optimal control is of bang-bang type. In addition, we show that in the one dimensional case and for sufficiently large diffusion rates, the positivity set of optimal controls is an interval sticking to one of the extrema of the domain. Finally, numerical simulations complement the theoretical analysis and explore regimes that are not fully covered by the results proved in the paper. The computations confirm the bang-bang structure of maximizers, and illustrate how the shape of optimal controls and the associated states are affected by spatial heterogeneity in the growth rate, localized admissible treatment regions, and the diffusion coefficient. Moreover, they reveal a monotone dependence of the optimized total population on the diffusion coefficient: this is a new phenomenon with respect to the logistic setting.

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Iulia Martina Bulai, Francesca Gladiali, Benedetta Pellacci. 2026-07-27. Optimization of the total tumor population under Gompertz growth. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.24468

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