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arXiv · 2608.03271

Proving a conjecture concerning chromatic number, size and least eigenvalue

Leyou Xu·Bo Zhou
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Abstract

Let $G$ be a simple nonempty graph with size $m$, chromatic number $χ$, and least eigenvalue $λ$. We prove that \[ χ(χ-1) \le (m+1-λ^2)+\sqrt{(m+1-λ^2)^2-4(λ^2-1)(λ^2-m)} \] with equality if and only if $G$ is either a complete graph or a complete bipartite graph, with possibly isolated vertices. The inequality was conjectured recently by Tang and Elphick in [Electron. J. Combin. 33 (2026), \#P2.65].

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Leyou Xu, Bo Zhou. 2026-08-04. Proving a conjecture concerning chromatic number, size and least eigenvalue. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.03271

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