Higher-Order Extensions of Weakly Viscous Dysthe Theory and a Phase-Lag Model for Nonlinear Mean-Flow Damping

Abstract

We extend the Carter-Govan multiple-scales analysis of weakly viscous, narrowband deep-water wave packets beyond Dysthe order within the potential-flow reduction of Dias, Dyachenko, and Zakharov (DDZ). We seek to determine whether this framework generates the complex multiplier $(1 + i\beta)$ used phenomenologically to modify the nonlocal Dysthe mean-flow interaction. Although order counting places a direct viscous carrier-mean interaction at sixth order, it does not exclude an indirect fifth-order contribution arising from viscosity dependent lower-order harmonics and nonlinear interactions. We therefore derive the first correction to the induced mean flow and the complete fifth-order first-harmonic solvability condition. The resulting nonlocal terms are derivative--dependent and contain no explicit viscosity, excluding the proposed indirect mechanism within the DDZ framework. At sixth order, a restricted calculation of the nonlinear viscous block isolates a direct carrier-mean contribution with the same operator structure as the imaginary component of the prescribed mean-flow correction. Independently, a finite-adjustment-time model yields an exact, frequency dependent mean-flow response. Its low-frequency expansion produces the multiplier $ 1 + i\beta_{\mathrm{eff}}(\Omega)$, with $\beta_{\mathrm{eff}}(\Omega) =\Omega\tau.$ When $\Omega\tau = \mathcal O(\epsilon)$, the resulting phase-lag correction enters at fifth order, one order beyond the leading Dysthe mean-flow interaction.