A Concept of LNA with Low Input Impedance Using Common Base BJT for Low-Field MRI

Abstract

Purpose: In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), preamplifier decoupling is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of a multichannel receive coil array. In low-field and ultra-low-field MRI, low-noise amplifier (LNA) solutions with low input impedance (LII) are poorly represented and consist mostly of field-effect transistors. We propose a low-cost LNA based on a common-base circuit with bipolar transistors to achieve LII (<5 Ohm), a low noise figure (<1.3 dB), and high gain (>30 dB). Methods: The proposed LNA circuits were simulated, fabricated, and tested at frequencies of 3 MHz and 21.2 MHz. The decoupling capabilities of the proposed LNA were experimentally evaluated, and MR imaging was performed in a 0.5T MRI scanner alongside a comparative study with a commercial LNA. At 3 MHz, the LNA was evaluated by analyzing free induction decay signals. Results: Proposed LNA solutions demonstrate a low noise figure below 1.3 dB with an input impedance of 3 Ohm. It was also shown that the presented LNA circuit enables high SNR values in MR imaging. The developed amplifiers demonstrate superior performance compared to available commercial options within the selected HF band. Conclusion: Due to the availability and cost-effectiveness of the selected transistors, the proposed LNA circuit is highly suitable for low-field MRI applications.