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arXiv · 2608.12763

ARIES-Mission2: A Zero-Shot Vision-Language-Action Framework for Fast Large-Scale Aerial Mission Generation

Junhao Wei·Yanxiao Li·Haochen Li·Yifu Zhao·Dexing Yao·Baili Lu·Zikun Li·Yapeng Wang·Sio-Kei Im·Dingcheng Yang·Xu Yang
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Abstract

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong semantic understanding capabilities, but their direct use in low-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) mission generation remains limited by weak spatial optimization and inefficient route planning. To address this issue, we propose ARIES-Mission2, a zero-shot Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework that decouples visual-semantic perception from physical route optimization. Given natural-language instructions and satellite imagery, ARIES-Mission2 first uses DeepSeek-V3 for task parsing and Molmo-7B for zero-shot target grounding, and then converts detected pixel locations into GPS waypoints through geospatial interpolation. To reduce the redundant backtracking caused by raw VLM-generated visiting orders, the back end formulates multi-target UAV traversal as a Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) and compares four candidate routes, including the raw VLM order and the routes optimized by PSO, GPSO, and IPSO. The minimum-cost closed-loop route is then selected for mission generation. Experiments on the UAV-VLPA-nano-30 benchmark show that ARIES-Mission2 achieves a total flight distance of 62.43 km, reducing the route length by 21.6% compared with the unoptimized VLA baseline (79.66 km) and by 9.5% compared with manual human planning (69.00 km). The complete 30-task workflow takes 575.40 s, averaging 19.18 s per task, which is approximately 3.6 times faster than human expert planning. Component-level timing shows that VLM inference dominates the runtime with 19.02 s per task, while the TSP solver requires only 0.16 s per task. Scalability analysis further indicates that the TSP module maintains lower growth in computation time as the number of targets increases.

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Junhao Wei, Yanxiao Li, Haochen Li, Yifu Zhao, Dexing Yao, Baili Lu, Zikun Li, Yapeng Wang, Sio-Kei Im, Dingcheng Yang, Xu Yang. 2026-08-13. ARIES-Mission2: A Zero-Shot Vision-Language-Action Framework for Fast Large-Scale Aerial Mission Generation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.12763

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