Algebraic Lattices Arising from Congruence Submodules in Subfields of $p$-th Cyclotomic Fields

Abstract

The classical sphere packing problem, which remains unsolved, consists of determining how densely a large number of identical spheres can be packed together. In some sphere packings, the centers of the spheres in a sphere packing form a Euclidean lattice, which is a discrete additive subgroup of $\mathbb{R}^n$. Free $\mathbb{Z}$-modules in the ring of integers of an algebraic number field yield algebraic lattices via the canonical embedding. In this work, we present new constructions of algebraic lattices from certain families of $\mathbb{Z}$-modules in the ring of algebraic integers of subfields of the $p$-th cyclotomic field, where $p$ is a prime number. Within this framework, we compute lower bounds for the center density of these algebraic lattices and construct algebraic lattices having the best known packing density in dimensions 2, 3, and 5.