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arXiv · 2608.25254

The Pauli Lightcone: Information-Theoretic Error Mitigation Beyond the Autocorrelation

Paolo D'Alberto
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Abstract

We introduce the wavemap: a spatial portrait of noise effects that assigns each site a per-noise-level arrival delay l_γ(v) and cross-entropy loss L_γ(v). These observables are exact at the lightcone frontier, where bond dimension χis small and the simulation is most faithful. Eigenvalue analysis of the composed gate-plus-noise Pauli transfer matrices confirms that the studied noise is pure amplitude damping: the spatial propagation pattern is entirely determined by the gate, making the wavemap a model-free noise diagnostic. We apply the multi-product formula (MPF) to recover the noiseless Pauli weight field from the noisy samples, subject to the Lieb-Robinson causal constraint nMPF <= nnl . Fitting time-adaptive coefficients α(t) over the frontier recovers up to 55% of the information loss relative to the best noisy sample, exploiting the fact that the frontier is where truncation error is smallest. On an IBM heavy-hex lattice with heterogeneous hardware noise the method identifies an information-starved regime, pointing to calibrated synthetic noise as the next required experiment.

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Paolo D'Alberto. 2026-09-02. The Pauli Lightcone: Information-Theoretic Error Mitigation Beyond the Autocorrelation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.25254

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