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arXiv · 2608.25493

SMART: MLLM-guided Temporal Alignment for Unifying Sign Language Recognition and Spotting

Eunjee Choi·JungHoon Sung·Seongwhan Cho·Chu Xin·Younggeun Choi
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Abstract

Continuous sign language recognition (CSLR) aims to recognize gloss sequences from unsegmented sign videos under weak sequence-level supervision. However, existing methods rely on sentence-level gloss annotations, providing limited temporal and semantic guidance for fine-grained representation learning. Conventional video-text alignment also requires large batch sizes, making it inefficient for memory-intensive sign language video training. In this work, we propose SMART, an MLLM-guided temporal alignment framework for joint sign recognition and spotting. SMART uses MLLMgenerated motion descriptions as auxiliary semantic cues and performs stable videotext alignment under small-batch training. To improve temporal representation learning, we introduce a Multi-Scale Temporal Adapter that models temporal interactions during transformer encoding. For dense temporal localization, SMART incorporates CSFormer, a CSLR-guided spotting module that injects recognition-derived gloss evidence into a boundary-aware spotting network. This unified framework enables CSLR features to benefit spotting, while spotting supervision complements weak CTC-based recognition. Experiments on four sign language benchmarks, including PHOENIX14-T, CSL-Daily, Large-scale KSL, and Disaster and Safety KSL datasets, demonstrate the effectiveness of SMART across both recognition and spotting tasks.

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Eunjee Choi, JungHoon Sung, Seongwhan Cho, Chu Xin, Younggeun Choi. 2026-08-31. SMART: MLLM-guided Temporal Alignment for Unifying Sign Language Recognition and Spotting. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.25493

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