Instrument-Level Validation of Upper Sideband Syntonization Concept

Volodymyr Kudriashov; Manuel Martin-Neira

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arXiv · 2609.10807

Instrument-Level Validation of Upper Sideband Syntonization Concept

Volodymyr Kudriashov·Manuel Martin-Neira

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Abstract

Upper Sideband Syntonization (USBS) is a two-way frequency-transfer concept proposed by the European Space Agency for distributed space radio interferometric systems. Previous investigations validated the concept primarily through frequency-stability and phase-transfer measurements. This work demonstrates the first end-to-end instrument-level validation of the USBS concept through coherent W-band cross-correlation measurements and image reconstruction. A P=2 USBS breadboard was integrated with a W-band radio interferometer developed for this test. The synchronized local oscillators (LOs) were evaluated through long-term cross-correlation measurements and coherent imaging of a point-like noise source. The results were compared with those obtained using a conventional common LO as well as two independent free-running LOs. The USBS-derived LOs maintained coherence over 500 s of cumulative effective integration time acquired over approximately five days of elapsed time and preserved inter-session phase stability over measurements spanning 40 days. The reconstructed image is nearly indistinguishable from that obtained with a common LO, whereas independent free-running LOs lead to severe coherence degradation, image distortion, and approximately 38 dB loss of peak response. The results demonstrate that USBS preserves the interferometric coherence required for W-band imaging and present the first end-to-end instrument-level validation of the USBS syntonization concept for future distributed space radio interferometric missions

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Volodymyr Kudriashov, Manuel Martin-Neira. 2026-09-09. Instrument-Level Validation of Upper Sideband Syntonization Concept. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.10807

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