A General Inequality for Walks in Graphs

Abstract

Let $G$ be a graph and $w_k(G)$ denote the number of walks in $G$ of length $k$. For sequences $a_1, \cdots, a_n$ and $b_1, \cdots, b_n$ of non-negative integers such that $a_1 + \cdots + a_n = b_1 + \cdots + b_n$, we determine a simple necessary and sufficient condition on $a_1, \cdots, a_n, b_1, \cdots, b_n$ for the inequality \[ w_{a_1}(G) \cdots w_{a_n}(G) \geq w_{b_1}(G) \cdots w_{b_n}(G) \] to hold for any graph $G$.