A variational model of nonlinear poroelasticity

James H. Adler; Xiaozhe Hu; Arkadz Kirshtein

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arXiv · 2609.21294

A variational model of nonlinear poroelasticity

James H. Adler·Xiaozhe Hu·Arkadz Kirshtein

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Abstract

We derive a thermodynamically-consistent model of fluid flow through a poroelastic medium. Starting from elastic and fluid free-energy densities, an energy-dissipation rate, and a kinematic constraint, the force-balance equations are derived using variational principles, with the pressure--density constitutive relation emerging as a direct consequence of the variational structure; the same kinematic constraint also supplies the total-flux transport structure. In the ideal-gas limit, the model linearization recovers the classical linear Biot equations. For power-law fluid energies, it yields isentropic pressure--density relations. A key advantage of the variational formulation is that extensions to richer physics, such as thermal effects, chemical reactions, or multi-component fluids, can be incorporated systematically by augmenting the energy and dissipation functionals without redesigning the force-balance or transport closure. We support the model with an energy-compatible two-field discretization and study consolidation under a surface load with three lateral-boundary treatments and three fluid-compressibility exponents.

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James H. Adler, Xiaozhe Hu, Arkadz Kirshtein. 2026-09-18. A variational model of nonlinear poroelasticity. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.21294

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