Compressing 3D Gaussian Splatting via Cross-Representation Priors

Abstract

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables high-quality novel view synthesis but incurs high storage and transmission costs due to dense Gaussian primitives. Recent anchor-based compression reduces per-primitive redundancy, yet redundancy across anchors remains largely unexploited. We propose CRP-GS (Cross-Representation Priors for Gaussian Splatting), a rate-distortion optimized compression framework that leverages cross-representation priors to improve anchor-level entropy modeling. First, a Correspondence-Oriented Hierarchical Structure (COHS) organizes anchors by feature correspondence rather than spatial proximity, constructing root-leaf dependencies so that selected anchors can act as informative priors to conditionally encode others, yielding more accurate likelihood prediction and lower conditional entropy. Second, Shared Feature Aggregation (SFA) extracts globally shared features from a contextual hash grid and injects them into anchor representations, factoring out scene-consistent low-frequency information that would otherwise be redundantly embedded in individual anchors. Both modules are trained under a unified rate-distortion objective to balance bitrate reduction and rendering fidelity. Experiments across multiple benchmarks show that CRP-GS achieves a favorable overall rate-distortion trade-off, yielding around 30% average bitrate reduction compared to anchor-based baselines while maintaining comparable rendering quality.