MuSeR: Scalable Long-sequence Recommendation with Multi-interest Modeling

Yongkang Fu; Beining Bao; Yu Jiang; Xiangyu Zhao; Hongyang Wei; Guangxing Chen; Zuodong Yang; Shantao Li; Zonggang Wu; Yuqi Lu; Shouke Qin; Hanmeng Liu; Maolin Wang

arXiv · 2609.23677

MuSeR: Scalable Long-sequence Recommendation with Multi-interest Modeling

Yongkang Fu·Beining Bao·Yu Jiang·Xiangyu Zhao·Hongyang Wei·Guangxing Chen·Zuodong Yang·Shantao Li·Zonggang Wu·Yuqi Lu·Shouke Qin·Hanmeng Liu·Maolin Wang

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Abstract

Ultra-long user behavior sequences carry rich signals of stable and diverse preferences, yet industrial recommender systems typically truncate histories to a few hundred actions under strict latency and memory budgets, leaving long-term interests under-utilized. Users also pursue multiple heterogeneous intents across modalities such as news, Q&A, and short video, which sparse ID embeddings alone struggle to represent. We present Multi-interest Sequence Representation (MuSeR), a retrieval framework built on the deployed MGS system, which integrates three components: (i) hierarchical temporal compression, which retains recent actions at full resolution while progressively pooling older segments, so that per-user histories of $10^{4}$-$10^{5}$ interactions fit within a fixed serving budget; (ii) disentangled multi-query interest extraction with orthogonality regularization; and (iii) multimodal semantic alignment, which augments sparse item IDs with textual summaries distilled from a large language model. For industrial deployment, MuSeR further adopts asynchronous user-representation refresh with adaptive caching and hierarchical beam-search retrieval across heterogeneous hardware. On three public benchmarks and a large-scale industrial dataset, MuSeR consistently improves Recall@$K$ over strong long-sequence and multi-interest baselines. In online A/B tests on Baidu APP's homepage feed, discovery feed, and short-video scenarios, MuSeR yields +0.26% daily active users and +0.89% total session duration (both statistically significant, p<0.05), alongside reduced serving latency and cost. Rather than proposing a new modeling primitive, our contribution is a system-level integration that makes long-term, multi-interest, and multimodal modeling jointly deployable in a real-time production pipeline, together with the engineering practices required to sustain it.

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Yongkang Fu, Beining Bao, Yu Jiang, Xiangyu Zhao, Hongyang Wei, Guangxing Chen, Zuodong Yang, Shantao Li, Zonggang Wu, Yuqi Lu, Shouke Qin, Hanmeng Liu, Maolin Wang. 2026-09-20. MuSeR: Scalable Long-sequence Recommendation with Multi-interest Modeling. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.23677

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