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arXiv · 2609.25797

Reply to comments arXiv:2512.07881 and arXiv:2601.06104 on quantum structure in human and AI-generated language

Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi·Roberto Leporini
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Abstract

We reply to the comments by M. Sienicki and K. Sienicki (arXiv:2512.07881) and by K. Sienicki (arXiv:2601.06104) on our work on quantum-mechanical statistics in human language (arXiv:2407.14924) and on quantum structure in AI-generated language (arXiv:2511.21731). We thank the authors for their careful reading and address what we consider to be the main points of criticism: the exploratory nature of the protocol used in the experiments with large language models; the role of marginal-law violations, and of the Contextuality-by-Default criterion, in the identification of entanglement; the limited diagnostic value of a Bose-Einstein fit taken in isolation; the meaning of assigning the lowest energy levels to the most frequent words; and the relation between the vector spaces used by LLMs and quantum state spaces. We also correct a typographical error in Table 3 of arXiv:2511.21731, which does not affect the reported CHSH value.

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Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi, Roberto Leporini. 2026-09-22. Reply to comments arXiv:2512.07881 and arXiv:2601.06104 on quantum structure in human and AI-generated language. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.25797

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