Programmable Coherent Memory Kernels for Quantum Reservoir Computing in Waveguide QED

Abstract

Reservoir computing requires not only long memory, but also memory distributed over the timescales relevant to a given task. In most quantum reservoir computing architectures, however, the memory profile emerges from intrinsic dynamics and cannot be directly engineered. Here we introduce a waveguide-QED quantum reservoir in which coherent memory return is controlled by the coupling geometry. The reservoir consists of a driven Kerr-nonlinear resonator coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide at spatially separated points. An unmeasured propagating field carries information about past inputs and coherently returns it to the resonator after a finite propagation time, forming a non-Markovian feedback channel without intermediate measurement or classical reinjection. Delay-resolved memory benchmarks reveal two complementary functions: waveguide propagation determines when past information returns, whereas Kerr dynamics convert the returned field into nonlinear temporal features accessible through a linear readout. NARMA-$n$ prediction shows that the optimal feedback delay shifts systematically with task order and approximately tracks the explicit input-product lag. These results establish coherent delayed feedback as a mechanism for engineering task-relevant memory in quantum reservoir computing.