Fiber-based scanning levitated nanoparticle force sensor near a metalized membrane

Abstract

We describe a fiber-based dual-beam trap for dielectric nanospheres with the ability to transfer the trapped particles into a retro-reflective standing-wave trap within micron-range distances of a metallic mirror surface. We illustrate its capability for three dimensional scanning force sensing over a several square micron area of an ultra-thin gold-coated silicon nitride mirror-membrane with a total thickness of approximately 370~nm. We also demonstrate three-dimensional laser feedback cooling and zeptonewton force resolution in high-vacuum at micron range from the membrane, showing promise for future improved tests of gravity at short distances and other surface force investigations. By using charged nanospheres, we expect the method may be useful for studying fluctuating patch potentials and electric field noise in the vicinity of a surface in the $\sim$ kHz to $\sim 100$ kHz frequency regime.