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arXiv · 2609.34417

Planets Around Solar Twins/Analogs (PASTA) III: Chemical Clock Relations in Planet-Hosting Solar Analogs

Qinghui Sun·Serat M. Saad·Yuan-Sen Ting·Jiayue Zhang·Chenyang Ji·Fei Dai·Sharon Xuesong Wang·Bryant Randolph·Yunzhe Gu·Ilya Ilyin·Yaguang Li·Jie Yu·Fan Liu
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Abstract

Context. Abundance ratios between elements synthesized on different nucleosynthetic timescales provide empirical chemical clocks for estimating stellar ages, but robust calibrations require homogeneous samples with precise stellar parameters and elemental abundances. Aims. We aim to investigate whether the presence of planets modifies empirical chemical clock relations. Methods. We present high-precision stellar parameters and elemental abundances for 52 new planet-hosting targets observed with Keck/HIRES, LBT/PEPSI, and Subaru/HDS. Combined with PASTA I and II, the full sample comprises 94 stars, of which 81 are identified as planet-hosting solar twins and analogs, and is used to characterize Galactic chemical evolution and derive empirical chemical clock relations. Results. We recover the expected Galactic chemical evolution trends, with $α$-elements such as Mg and S increasing with stellar age, while s-process elements such as Y, Ba, and Sr show negative age correlations. In contrast, Fe-peak elements and the r-process element Eu show little or no significant age dependence. These trends give rise to tight chemical clock relations based on [Y/Mg], [Y/Al], [Ba/Mg], [Ba/Al], and [Sr/Mg], with [Y/Mg] and [Y/Al] providing the strongest correlations. [Ba/Al] shows the steepest age dependence, and the Ba-based ratios are generally more sensitive to age than their Y-based counterparts. Conclusions. Planet-hosting solar analogs follow chemical-clock relations consistent with those of nearby solar twins, with no evidence for a significant planet-related effect. The derived relations are primarily applicable to local solar twins and analogs in the Galactic thin disk.

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Qinghui Sun, Serat M. Saad, Yuan-Sen Ting, Jiayue Zhang, Chenyang Ji, Fei Dai, Sharon Xuesong Wang, Bryant Randolph, Yunzhe Gu, Ilya Ilyin, Yaguang Li, Jie Yu, Fan Liu. 2026-09-28. Planets Around Solar Twins/Analogs (PASTA) III: Chemical Clock Relations in Planet-Hosting Solar Analogs. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34417

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