Strongly interacting fermions under imaginary rotation

Abstract

In the present study, we investigate the phase diagram of strongly-interacting fermions under imaginary rotation. We employ the linear sigma model coupled to quarks in the mean field approximation. The fermion expectation values are computed in the local density approximation (LDA), using the well-known expressions derived using cylindrical modes for states under rigid rotation, at finite temperature $T$ and chemical potential $μ$. We study the impact of the fractalization of thermodynamics on the phase diagram in the far-field limit (far from the rotation axis). We also reveal non-trivial features such as a complete inhibition of the chiral symmetry restoration on the rotation axis above a critical imaginary angular velocity. We demonstrate explicitly how the transition line interpolates between its shape on the rotation axis and in the far-field limit by studying the chiral phase transition at finite distances from the rotation axis. We also address the moment of inertia of the system and discuss differences and similarities to lattice studies of QCD matter under imaginary rotation.