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arXiv · 2609.36987

CypherTurn: A Multi-Turn Benchmark for Conversational Text-to-Cypher Evaluation and the Autonomy Divergence

Yuzhe Zhang·Weijie Zhu·Haolin Yang·Ziyun Zhang·Xianwei Xue·Mengke Chen·Qiutong Pan·Huaqian Cai
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Abstract

Graph databases are increasingly queried through natural language, yet every existing benchmark evaluates isolated single-turn queries rather than the multi-turn sessions through which analysts actually work. We introduce CypherTurn, the first benchmark for conversational Text-to-Cypher evaluation, comprising 721 sessions and 5,927 turns across 7 knowledge graphs and 13 conversational phenomena. We evaluate 15 models under a guided oracle protocol and a fully autonomous agentic protocol, yielding four findings. First, the best model reaches only 64.7% execution accuracy, and session-level correctness remains below 5%. Second, despite strong overall rank correlation, frontier models exhibit a consequential reordering of the top of the leaderboard under autonomous operation, a phenomenon we term the Autonomy Divergence, which reveals error-management as a partially independent capability from raw generation skill. Third, scaling action budgets from x3 to x10 fails to close the autonomy gap, as the strongest frontier models self-limit to approximately two actions per turn regardless of available budget. Fourth, single-turn Cypher fine-tuning degrades multi-turn instruction following, while architecture-appropriate specialization outperforms several frontier models. These results establish CypherTurn as an open challenge for conversational graph database reasoning. Code and data are available at https://github.com/BarryQ/CypherTurn.

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Yuzhe Zhang, Weijie Zhu, Haolin Yang, Ziyun Zhang, Xianwei Xue, Mengke Chen, Qiutong Pan, Huaqian Cai. 2026-09-29. CypherTurn: A Multi-Turn Benchmark for Conversational Text-to-Cypher Evaluation and the Autonomy Divergence. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.36987

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