Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2609.39185

Low-Discrepancy Dither for Quantized Recurrent State Caches

Snigdha Chandan Khilar
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Mamba-style and hybrid language models compress their past into a fixed-size recurrent state that is rewritten at every generated token. Storing this state in low precision saves memory bandwidth, but every rounding error is fed back into the next update and can accumulate over long generations. Production systems round the state stochastically; we ask which rounding rule such caches should use. We find that a deterministic golden-ratio Weyl dither, which needs no random numbers, consistently brings the quantized model closer to the full-precision one than stochastic rounding, across pure and hybrid models, storage formats, and long decoding horizons, at no extra cost. Round-to-nearest behaves differently: because it discards small updates, its error keeps growing, so it can look best in short evaluations yet falls far behind over long generations. A discrepancy analysis explains this ordering, and we document implementation pitfalls that silently remove the benefit.

Explore related subjects

cs.LG

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Snigdha Chandan Khilar. 2026-09-30. Low-Discrepancy Dither for Quantized Recurrent State Caches. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.39185

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

B-XAIC Dataset: Benchmarking Explainable AI for Graph Neural Networks Using Chemical Data

Understanding the reasoning behind deep learning model predictions is crucial in cheminformatics and drug discovery, where molecular design determines their properties. However, current evaluation frameworks for Explainable AI (XAI) in this domain often rely on artificial datasets or simplified tasks, employing data-derived metrics that fail to capture the complexity of real-world scenarios and lack a direct link to explanation faithfulness. To address this, we introduce B-XAIC, a novel benchmark constructed from real-world molecular data and diverse tasks with known ground-truth rationales for assigned labels. Through a comprehensive evaluation using B-XAIC, we reveal limitations of existing XAI methods for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in the molecular domain. This benchmark provides a valuable resource for gaining deeper insights into the faithfulness of XAI, facilitating the development of more reliable and interpretable models.

cs.LG↗
arXiv2026

Machine Learning Algorithms for Improving Black Box Optimization Solvers

Black-box optimization (BBO) addresses problems where objectives are accessible only through costly queries without gradients or explicit structure. Classical derivative-free methods---line search, direct search, and model-based solvers such as Bayesian optimization---form the backbone of BBO, yet often struggle in high-dimensional, noisy, or mixed-integer settings. Recent advances use machine learning (ML) and reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance BBO: ML provides expressive surrogates, adaptive updates, meta-learning-based algorithm selection, and generative models, while the RL--BBO interface includes dynamic operator configuration, robust policy search, and meta-optimization across tasks. This paper surveys these developments, covering representative algorithms such as the modular model-based optimization framework (mlrMBO), zeroth-order adaptive momentum methods (ZO-AdaMM), automated BBO (ABBO), distributed block-wise optimization (DiBB), partition-based Bayesian optimization (SPBOpt), the transformer-based optimizer (B2Opt), diffusion-model-based BBO, surrogate-assisted RL for differential evolution (Surr-RLDE), robust BBO (RBO), coordinate-ascent MORE with step size adaptation (CAS-MORE), log-barrier stochastic gradient descent (LB-SGD), policy improvement with black-box (PIBB), and offline Q-learning with Mamba backbones (Q-Mamba). We further review benchmark efforts such as the NeurIPS 2020 BBO Challenge and the MetaBox framework. A controlled numerical study further confirms that ML-based candidate screening can improve the evaluation-budget performance of direct search and differential evolution, while the benefit remains solver-dependent.

cs.LG↗
arXiv2026

HomID : Benchmarking Intrinsic Dimension Estimators on Homogenous Manifolds with Anisotropic Embeddings

The manifold hypothesis suggests that data lies on manifolds with smaller intrinsic dimension (ID) than their ambient dimension. However there is no empirical agreement on the estimates for ID from different estimators for realistic datasets. Thus it is important to test ID estimators (IDEs) with targeted stressors. In this work, we consider the role of anisotropy. To this end, we propose HomID, a collection of homogeneous spaces with anisotropic embedding, for benchmarking ID estimators. We observe that methods that perform well on standard benchmarks systematically degrade on HomID under identical resource allocation. We further observe that anisotropic distortion of such benchmarks also results in performance degradation. Finally, we demonstrate that controlled anisotropic distortions induce systematic shifts in the distributions on which these methods rely, providing a concrete mechanism for the resulting estimation errors in two particular IDEs. The code for the project is available at https://github.com/a-writes-code/homid

cs.LG↗