Modeling Bipartite Dynamic Networks: An Additive and Multiplicative Effects Model

Jing Luo

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arXiv · 2610.00900

Modeling Bipartite Dynamic Networks: An Additive and Multiplicative Effects Model

Jing Luo

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Abstract

Researchers frequently study interactions between two distinct types of actors, represented as bipartite networks. These networks exhibit dependence patterns that differ from those in one-mode networks and therefore require models tailored to their structure. This paper develops an additive and multiplicative effects (AME) framework for longitudinal bipartite data. First, I distinguish the dependence structure and specify the corresponding modeling assumptions. Second, I introduce the bipartite dynamic AME model and develop an estimation procedure based on block coordinate descent. Third, I incorporate a squared iterative method to improve computational efficiency. Using simulations and an application to global production networks, I show that the model improves coefficient estimation, more accurately recovers the data-generating process, and better captures the multiplicative latent structure. The model reveals evolving patterns in countries' global production engagement that are not captured by observed covariates or static specifications. I provide an R package, RAMEN, to facilitate implementation.

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Jing Luo. 2026-10-01. Modeling Bipartite Dynamic Networks: An Additive and Multiplicative Effects Model. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.00900

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