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arXiv · 2610.01443

GridSMR: Causal Compression for Sharded Blockchains

Shir Cohen·Adam Alon·Raz Omessi·Amir Sarid·Dana Shamir·Ofir Zohar
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Abstract

We present GridSMR, a sharded blockchain that scales execution horizontally while allowing dependent cross-shard operations to progress within a single block. Existing sharded systems typically place coordination between dependent cross-shard steps, making latency grow with causal depth. GridSMR localizes atomicity to individual accounts and executes cross-account work asynchronously. Using an execute-before-agree architecture, dependent operations execute across shards as they become available, while consensus later validates and commits the resulting schedule. This enables Causal Compression: cross-shard latency need not grow with the causal depth of a computation. GridSMR scales single-validator execution to 1.07M requests/s and four-validator execution to 193K committed requests/s, while reducing 16-hop causal-chain latency by 8.2x versus deferred execution.

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Shir Cohen, Adam Alon, Raz Omessi, Amir Sarid, Dana Shamir, Ofir Zohar. 2026-10-01. GridSMR: Causal Compression for Sharded Blockchains. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.01443

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