Vector Field Following for Quadrotors via Reduced Attitude Representations with Applications to Safety-Critical Control

Abstract

Vector field tracking for quadrotors provides a systematic framework for specifying complex behaviors at the translational level and transferring them to the full vehicle dynamics. Objectives such as safety, for example, can be encoded into a low-dimensional vector field, which is then embedded into the full dynamics through appropriate tracking conditions. The development of such tracking controllers for quadrotors can be facilitated by the fact that their translational dynamics depend only on the thrust direction and are independent of the vehicle's heading. Thus, reduced-attitude representations, leveraging the geometry of the unit sphere, provide a natural framework for vector field tracking on quadrotors. In this work, we propose two vector field tracking controllers for quadrotors using reduced-attitude representations based on dynamic extension and geometric control, respectively. Next, we illustrate how safety can be encoded into the desired vector field using control barrier functions and enforced for the full system. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches is demonstrated via simulations and experimental flight tests.