Dark matter in the x-channel

Abstract

In this paper I study a class of scenarios in which a scalar singlet dark matter candidate interacts with the Standard Model in such a way that the Higgs portal is strongly suppressed, even at loop level, through a specific mechanism involving scalar mediators. The mediator carries non-trivial gauge or internal quantum numbers that allow only a quartic coupling with the dark matter, and belongs to representations with no components that can mix with the Higgs boson, so that the dark matter interacts only with exotic states. I refer to this construction as $x$-channel because no single mediator is exchanged between the dark and visible sectors, to distinguish it from the standard $s$- and $t$-channel simplified scenarios. The suppression is due to a boundary condition on the running Higgs-portal coupling, which makes the tree-level and one-loop Higgs-mediated contributions vanish at zero momentum transfer, regardless of the internal quantum numbers of the mediator. I consider here a minimal realisation, in which the mediator is a singly- or doubly-charged colourless $SU(2)_L$-singlet scalar decaying to leptons, and study the complementarity between collider, Higgs, flavour, and astrophysical/cosmological constraints. Within the scanned ranges and benchmark assumptions, the surviving points are predominantly in the region where the dark matter is heavier than the charged scalar mediator. LHC limits determine the lower edge of this region, part of which can be probed by future colliders through the production of the charged scalars. Other realisations of the $x$-channel can open different phenomenological directions to explore.