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arXiv · 2610.09131

The Impact of Galaxy Catalogue Completeness with GLADE+ on Dark Siren Cosmology: A Line-of-Sight Prior Analysis of GWTC-3 Events

Juan Esteban Rivera·Antonio Enea Romano·Rachel Gray·Sergio Vallejo-Peña·Riccardo Sturani
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Abstract

Cosmological parameters can be estimated from dark sirens, gravitational waves events without electromagnetic counterpart, by using inference methods which estimate statistically the source redshift from galaxy catalogs. We study the effects of applying different apparent magnitude cuts to the GLADE+ catalog, analyzing events from the third LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA gravitational wave transient catalog (GWTC-3), consisting of 42 binary black holes, 3 neutron star black hole systems and the event GW190425 associated to a binary neutron star coalescence. We find that the inclusion of fainter galaxies has no significant effects on the joint analysis of almost all the events, while for some single well localized event, the effects can be more important, in particular for the event GW190814. To understand why inclusion of fainter galaxies in general has negligible impact on the estimation of cosmological parameters, we compare the redshift of the events with the redshift distribution of dimmer galaxies, and find that most of them are not located in redshift proximity of the events, explaining the limited impact of their inclusion. The event, GW190814 is an exception, as its distance localization, converted into redshift, overlaps with fainter galaxies, unlike what happens for other events, which are farther away. These results show the importance of event localization and catalog depth in determining the impact of catalog completeness on cosmological parameters estimation. To check quantitatively what is the information gained by adding fainter galaxies we have analyzed its impact on the line of sight prior calculation. Based on the results for GW190814 we expect that fainter galaxies will play a more significant role in the estimation of cosmological parameters also for the joint analysis of multiple events, when deeper catalogs will be available.

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Juan Esteban Rivera, Antonio Enea Romano, Rachel Gray, Sergio Vallejo-Peña, Riccardo Sturani. 2026-10-06. The Impact of Galaxy Catalogue Completeness with GLADE+ on Dark Siren Cosmology: A Line-of-Sight Prior Analysis of GWTC-3 Events. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09131

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