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arXiv · 2610.09596

Regularity and compactness theory of stable free-boundary minimal hypersurfaces

Costante Bellettini·Martin Man-chun Li·Davide Parise·Lorenzo Sarnataro
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Abstract

We establish the free-boundary version of Schoen-Simon's regularity and compactness theory for stable minimal hypersurfaces in a complete $(n+1)$-dimensional Riemannian manifold-with-boundary, following the intrinsic PDE scheme introduced by the first-named author. The key step is to prove sheeting theorems in the two possible scenarios in which local weak flatness can occur near a point on $\partial M$: flatness with respect to $\partial M$, and flatness with respect to a reference hypersurface-with-boundary meeting $\partial M$ orthogonally. We obtain these theorems via $\varepsilon$-regularity results for geometrically adapted tilt functions that quantify flatness while keeping track of the ambient geometry. These tilt functions satisfy nonlinear elliptic PDEs on the hypersurface which are amenable to an intrinsic analysis via De Giorgi iteration, made possible by the weak Caccioppoli-type inequalities obtained from stability. Both results apply to immersed hypersurfaces with a singular set of locally finite $(n-2)$-dimensional Hausdorff measure. When specialised to embeddings, they yield compactness and regularity: a sequence of stable free-boundary embedded minimal hypersurfaces with uniformly bounded area and singular sets of locally finite $(n-2)$-measure admits a subsequence converging to a free-boundary minimal hypersurface that is smoothly embedded away from a singular set of Hausdorff dimension at most $n-7$. Convergence is smooth and graphical, possibly with multiplicity, away from this singular set. As an application, we extend to arbitrary dimension the free-boundary Almgren-Pitts existence theory developed by the second-named author with X. Zhou and prove that every compact Riemannian manifold-with-boundary of dimension $n+1$ contains a free-boundary minimal hypersurface smoothly embedded outside a singular set of Hausdorff dimension at most $n-7$.

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Costante Bellettini, Martin Man-chun Li, Davide Parise, Lorenzo Sarnataro. 2026-10-07. Regularity and compactness theory of stable free-boundary minimal hypersurfaces. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09596

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